@prefix bibo: <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix iso7498: <https://w3id.org/aias/odp/iso7498#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix vann: <http://purl.org/vocab/vann/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

dcterms:abstract a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:bibliographicCitation a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:created a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:creator a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:hasVersion a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:license a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:modified a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:publisher a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:rights a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:source a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:subject a owl:AnnotationProperty .

dcterms:title a owl:AnnotationProperty .

bibo:doi a owl:AnnotationProperty .

bibo:status a owl:AnnotationProperty .

vann:preferredNamespacePrefix a owl:AnnotationProperty .

vann:preferredNamespaceUri a owl:AnnotationProperty .

xsd:date a rdfs:Datatype .

skos:altLabel a owl:AnnotationProperty .

skos:note a owl:AnnotationProperty .

foaf:fundedBy a owl:AnnotationProperty .

schema:codeRepository a owl:AnnotationProperty .

iso7498:hasDataUnit a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "hat Dateneinheit"@de,
        "has data unit"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Verbindet eine Schicht oder die Kommunikation selbst mit der Dateneinheit, die sie verarbeitet oder überträgt."@de,
        "Relates a layer, or a communication itself, to the data unit it processes or transmits."@en ;
    rdfs:domain [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( iso7498:Communication iso7498:Layer ) ] ;
    rdfs:range iso7498:DataUnit ;
    skos:altLabel "hasDU"@en ;
    skos:note """One relation with two domains: the content transmitted is assigned to the respective layer, or to the communication directly.

hasDU is kept as an alternative label, since that is the short form the relation is commonly written as."""@en .

iso7498:hasLayer a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "hat Schicht"@de,
        "has layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Verbindet eine Kommunikation mit einer Schicht, in die sie gegliedert ist."@de,
        "Relates a communication to a layer it is structured into."@en ;
    rdfs:domain iso7498:Communication ;
    rdfs:range iso7498:Layer .

iso7498:hasName a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "hat Namen"@de,
        "has name"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Verbindet eine Kommunikation mit ihrer Bezeichnung."@de,
        "Relates a communication to its designation."@en ;
    rdfs:domain iso7498:Communication ;
    rdfs:range iso7498:Name .

iso7498:usesTechnology a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "nutzt Technologie"@de,
        "uses technology"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Verbindet eine Schicht mit der Technologie, die sie realisiert."@de,
        "Relates a layer to the technology realising it."@en ;
    rdfs:domain iso7498:Layer ;
    rdfs:range iso7498:Technology ;
    skos:note "Whether a given technology fits the layer it is claimed for is not checked here. Nothing stops a model from placing MQTT at the network layer."@en .

<https://w3id.org/aias/odp/iso7498> a owl:Ontology ;
    dcterms:abstract "An ontology design pattern for describing the communication between the components of an automated plant, following the layered architecture of ISO/IEC 7498-1, the Basic Reference Model of Open Systems Interconnection. A communication is structured into the seven layers of the reference model, each layer is realised by a technology such as Ethernet, IP or MQTT, and the content carried is a data unit assigned either to a layer or to the communication itself. The layers, the technologies and the kinds of data unit are modelled as subclasses. The pattern is one of three subdomain patterns of the AIAS information model and is meant to be imported and aligned rather than used on its own."@en ;
    dcterms:bibliographicCitation "M. Schieseck, P. Topalis, L. Reinpold, F. Gehlhoff and A. Fay, \"A Formal Model for Artificial Intelligence Applications in Automation Systems,\" 2024 IEEE 29th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Padova, Italy, IEEE, September 2024. DOI 10.1109/ETFA61755.2024.10710890"@en ;
    dcterms:created "2024-09-01"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:creator "Alexander Fay",
        "Felix Gehlhoff",
        "Lasse Reinpold",
        "Marvin Schieseck",
        "Philip Topalis" ;
    dcterms:hasVersion <https://w3id.org/aias/odp/iso7498> ;
    dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
    dcterms:modified "2026-09-02"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:publisher "Helmut-Schmidt-Universität / Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg" ;
    dcterms:rights "This research is funded by dtec.bw – Digitalization and Technology Research Center of the Bundeswehr. dtec.bw is funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU"@en ;
    dcterms:source <https://www.iso.org/standard/20269.html> ;
    dcterms:subject "ISO/IEC 7498-1"@en,
        "Industrial Communication"@en,
        "Network Protocol"@en,
        "OSI Reference Model"@en,
        "Ontology Design Pattern"@en ;
    dcterms:title "ISO/IEC 7498-1 Ontology Design Pattern"@en ;
    bibo:doi "10.1109/ETFA61755.2024.10710890" ;
    bibo:status "Draft"@en ;
    vann:preferredNamespacePrefix "iso7498" ;
    vann:preferredNamespaceUri "https://w3id.org/aias/odp/iso7498#" ;
    rdfs:comment """Normative basis: ISO/IEC 7498-1:1994.

Twenty-six classes and four relations. Every definition carries a German wording alongside its English translation.

The layers, the technologies and the kinds of data unit are modelled as subclasses.

Scope: the layered structure of a communication and what travels over it. The open system with its subsystems and entities, services and protocols, the transmission modes and the quality of service are not covered."""@en ;
    owl:versionIRI <https://w3id.org/aias/odp/iso7498/1.0.0> ;
    owl:versionInfo "1.0.0" ;
    foaf:fundedBy <https://dtecbw.de/> ;
    schema:codeRepository <https://github.com/schiesem/aias> .

iso7498:Application a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Anwendungsschicht"@de,
        "Application Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Stellt direkt der Anwendung Dienste wie Dateiübertragung oder Remote-Zugriff zur Verfügung und nutzt dafür die Dienste der unteren Schichten."@de,
        "Provides services such as file transfer or remote access directly to the application, using the services of the layers below."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Layer ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 7.1."@en .

iso7498:Bit a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Bit"@de,
        "Bit"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Dateneinheit der Bitübertragungsschicht."@de,
        "The data unit of the physical layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:DataUnit ;
    skos:note "The one practice term ISO/IEC 7498-1 names: 7.7.3.3.1 refers to the transparent transmission of bit streams."@en .

iso7498:DHCP a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "DHCP"@de,
        "DHCP"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, eine Technologie der Anwendungsschicht."@de,
        "The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, a technology of the application layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:Data a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Daten"@de,
        "Data"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Dateneinheit der oberen Schichten, also das, was eine Anwendung austauscht."@de,
        "The data unit of the upper layers, that is what an application exchanges."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:DataUnit ;
    skos:note "Not a term of ISO/IEC 7498-1 for a data unit. It stands for what an application exchanges, without separating the payload of a single transmission from a dataset as a whole."@en .

iso7498:DataLink a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Sicherungsschicht"@de,
        "Data Link Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Bildet aus Bits Datenrahmen und regelt den Zugriff auf das Übertragungsmedium."@de,
        "Forms frames out of bits and governs access to the transmission medium."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Layer ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 7.6."@en .

iso7498:Ethernet a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Ethernet"@de,
        "Ethernet"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Technologiefamilie der Sicherungsschicht."@de,
        "A family of technologies of the data link layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:Ethernet1000BASET a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "1000BASE-T"@de,
        "1000BASE-T"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Gigabit-Ethernet über Twisted-Pair-Verkabelung, eine Technologie der Bitübertragungsschicht."@de,
        "Gigabit Ethernet over twisted pair cabling, a technology of the physical layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology ;
    skos:note "A class name beginning with a digit is awkward in a namespace, so the class is called Ethernet1000BASET and carries the practice name 1000BASE-T as its label."@en .

iso7498:FTP a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "FTP"@de,
        "FTP"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "File Transfer Protocol, eine Technologie der Anwendungsschicht."@de,
        "The File Transfer Protocol, a technology of the application layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:Frame a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Datenrahmen"@de,
        "Frame"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Dateneinheit der Sicherungsschicht."@de,
        "The data unit of the data link layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:DataUnit ;
    skos:note "Not a term of ISO/IEC 7498-1. A note to 7.6.4.5 observes that the delimiting function of the data link layer is sometimes referred to as framing, but the standard defines no such data unit."@en .

iso7498:HTTP a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "HTTP"@de,
        "HTTP"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Hypertext Transfer Protocol, eine Technologie der Anwendungsschicht."@de,
        "The Hypertext Transfer Protocol, a technology of the application layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:HTTPS a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "HTTPS"@de,
        "HTTPS"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "HTTP über eine gesicherte Verbindung, eine Technologie der Anwendungsschicht."@de,
        "HTTP over a secured connection, a technology of the application layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:IP a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "IP"@de,
        "IP"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Internet Protocol, eine Technologie der Vermittlungsschicht."@de,
        "The Internet Protocol, a technology of the network layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:MQTT a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "MQTT"@de,
        "MQTT"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Publish-Subscribe-Protokoll der Anwendungsschicht."@de,
        "A publish and subscribe protocol of the application layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:Network a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Vermittlungsschicht"@de,
        "Network Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Organisiert die paketweise Weiterleitung von Daten über mehrere Netze hinweg."@de,
        "Organises the forwarding of data packet by packet across several networks."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Layer ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 7.5."@en .

iso7498:Packet a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Paket"@de,
        "Packet"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Dateneinheit der Vermittlungsschicht."@de,
        "The data unit of the network layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:DataUnit ;
    skos:note "Not a term of ISO/IEC 7498-1, but of the network layer protocol standards."@en .

iso7498:Physical a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Bitübertragungsschicht"@de,
        "Physical Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Überträgt rohe Bits als elektrische, optische oder Funksignale über ein physisches Medium."@de,
        "Transmits raw bits as electrical, optical or radio signals over a physical medium."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Layer ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 7.7."@en .

iso7498:Presentation a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Darstellungsschicht"@de,
        "Presentation Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Wandelt Daten in ein gemeinsames Format und übernimmt Codierung, Kompression und gegebenenfalls Verschlüsselung."@de,
        "Converts data into a common format and carries out coding, compression and where required encryption."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Layer ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 7.2."@en .

iso7498:Segment a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Segment"@de,
        "Segment"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Dateneinheit der Transportschicht."@de,
        "The data unit of the transport layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:DataUnit ;
    skos:note "Not a term of ISO/IEC 7498-1 in this sense. The standard uses segmenting as the name of a function, 5.8.1.9, that maps one service data unit onto several protocol data units."@en .

iso7498:Session a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Sitzungsschicht"@de,
        "Session Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Verwaltet Sitzungen zwischen Anwendungen, deren Aufbau, Steuerung und Synchronisation."@de,
        "Manages sessions between applications, their establishment, control and synchronisation."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Layer ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 7.3."@en .

iso7498:TCP a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "TCP"@de,
        "TCP"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Transmission Control Protocol, eine Technologie der Transportschicht."@de,
        "The Transmission Control Protocol, a technology of the transport layer."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Technology .

iso7498:Transport a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Transportschicht"@de,
        "Transport Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Stellt Ende-zu-Ende-Verbindungen zwischen Kommunikationspartnern bereit und segmentiert Datenströme."@de,
        "Provides end-to-end connections between communicating partners and segments data streams."@en ;
    rdfs:subClassOf iso7498:Layer ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 7.4."@en .

iso7498:Name a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Name"@de,
        "Name"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Bezeichnung, unter der eine Kommunikation bekannt ist."@de,
        "The designation under which a communication is known."@en ;
    skos:note "Not a class of ISO/IEC 7498-1. A construct of this model, so that a communication can be referred to by a name of its own."@en .

iso7498:Communication a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Kommunikation"@de,
        "Communication"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Verbindung zwischen mindestens zwei Systemkomponenten, die den gerichteten Austausch von Daten beschreibt."@de,
        "A connection between at least two system components describing the directed exchange of data."@en ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, definition 4.2.10. The standard itself calls this an association. Communication is the plainer term, and is the one used here."@en .

iso7498:DataUnit a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Dateneinheit"@de,
        "Data Unit"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Abgegrenzte, zusammenhängende Datenmenge, die von einer Schicht des OSI-Modells als Einheit verarbeitet oder übertragen wird."@de,
        "A delimited, coherent quantity of data processed or transmitted by a layer of the OSI model as one unit."@en ;
    skos:altLabel "DU"@en ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, clause 5.6."@en .

iso7498:Layer a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Schicht"@de,
        "Layer"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Abgegrenzte Funktionsgruppe, die auf einem bestimmten Abstraktionsniveau definierte Kommunikationsaufgaben erfüllt."@de,
        "A delimited group of functions carrying out defined communication tasks at a given level of abstraction."@en ;
    skos:note "ISO/IEC 7498-1, 5.2.1.2. Clause 6.1.2 enumerates exactly seven layers."@en .

iso7498:Technology a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "Technologie"@de,
        "Technology"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Konkretes Protokoll oder Übertragungsverfahren, das die Aufgaben einer Schicht realisiert."@de,
        "A concrete protocol or transmission technique realising the tasks of a layer."@en ;
    skos:note "Not a class of ISO/IEC 7498-1. Clause 1.3 states that the fact a system is open implies no particular implementation or technology, so the standard names none."@en .

[] a owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ( iso7498:Bit iso7498:Data iso7498:Frame iso7498:Packet iso7498:Segment ) .

[] a owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ( iso7498:Communication iso7498:DataUnit iso7498:Layer iso7498:Name iso7498:Technology ) .

[] a owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ( iso7498:DHCP iso7498:Ethernet iso7498:Ethernet1000BASET iso7498:FTP iso7498:HTTP iso7498:HTTPS iso7498:IP iso7498:MQTT iso7498:TCP ) .

[] a owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ( iso7498:Application iso7498:DataLink iso7498:Network iso7498:Physical iso7498:Presentation iso7498:Session iso7498:Transport ) .